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In cold-region estuaries tsunamis can cause ice cover breakup, ice floe transport and consequent collisions between floes and riverine or coastal structures. The size distributions of ice floes can provide various kinds of information in defining design standards for structures against tsunami run-up. In this study sizes of ice floes after a tsunami event are measured using an image analysis technique and their size-distributions are investigated. A power-law dependence of the cumulative number of broken ice floes whose sizes larger than d was found; N(d) ~ d-α, which has been frequently observed in the geophysical and engineering contexts. Although there was an increasing deviation from the power law in some regions, the size distribution in four class-1 rivers and a lake was found to obey a power law with similar scaling exponents around 2.8

Study on the Estimation of Ice Floe Size Distribution in Cold-region Estuaries Found in a Tsunami Event