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One of the most important tasks of System Operator (SO) is to manage congestion as it threatens system security and may cause rise in electricity price resulting in market inefficiency. In corrective action congestion management schemes, it is crucial for SO to select the most sensitive generators to re-schedule their real and reactive powers and the loads to curtail in extreme congestion management. This paper proposed the selection of most sensitive generators and loads to re-schedule their generation and load curtailment based on the improved line flow sensitivity indices to manage congestion. The impact of slack bus on power flow sensitivity factors has been determined to encourage fair competition in the electricity markets. Effect of bilateral and multilateral transactions, and impact of multi-line congestion on congestion cost has also been studied. The generators reactive power bid has been modeled by a continuous differentiable tangent hyperbolic function. The proposed concept of congestion management has been tested on a practical 75-bus Indian system and IEEE-118-bus test system.

Sensitivity Based Approach for Transmission Congestion Management Utilizing Bids for Generation Rescheduling and Load Curtailment