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Objectives Water-based exercise (WEX) is one of the methods proposed to improve the performance of the elderly, because physical activities on dry land may cause some problems and increase the risk of the injury. Considering a longer recovery period in the elderly and lack of physical activity (especially WEX) facilities for the older adults, manipulating training sessions is very important. Therefore, the aim of this research is assessing WEX on balance and functional indices of untrained elderly man. Methods & Materials This applied research is quasi-experimental in study design. Out of the sedentary elderly men living in Tehran, 36 subjects voluntarily participated in this study. They were selected by random available sampling method. Their demographic variables were as follows: mean [SD] age of 64.72] kg/ m2. After signing personal consent forms by the participants, initial assessments were done. Then, the subjects were randomly divided into three groups; 2 d/wk (n=12), 3 d/wk (n=12), and control (n=12) group. Water training protocol followed for 6 weeks. Threshold stimulation training intensity was considered 55% of the maximum heart rate. Also, the volume of training for two WEX groups was exactly the same. Indicators of static and dynamic balance and mobility, lower extremity strength, and flexibility were evaluated at the conception and completion of the training protocol. To examine differences in pretest and posttest for each group, the paired t-test was used. Also, we used 1-way (ANOVA) to compare three groups with each other. For all statistical operations, SPSS 17 at significant level of P≤0.05 was used. Results Based on the study results, there were no significant differences between 2 d/wk, 3 d/wk WEX groups with regard to the static and dynamic balance as well as movement ability (P≥0.05). Both groups experienced similar improvements in these factors. On the other hand, lower extremity strength and flexibility in 3 d/wk WEX group compared to 2 d/wk was significantly improved (P≤0.05). Furthermore, the t test results showed significant differences (P≤0.05) with regard to all operating between pretest and posttest scores of the experimental group. However, this difference was not significant in the control group (P≥0.05). Moreover, comparing posttest results with pretest ones, lower extremity strength and flexibility in 3 d/wk WEX participants showed much more improvement than those scores in 2 d/ wk group. Conclusion It seems that after 6 weeks WEX training, static and dynamic balance and mobility parameters of the elderly people are more …

Effect of Water-Based Training Frequency on the Balance and Motor Function in Sedentary Elderly Men