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A novel cell line, HU-ATTAK, was established from the peripheral blood of a patient with adult T-cell leukemia by means of co-culture with human umbilical cord vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) in the presence of interleukin-2 and damnacanthal. Immunophenotypic and cytogenetic analyses showed that HU-ATTAK is originally derived from leukemic cells and maintains the typical features of adult T-cell leukemia-lymphoma (ATLL). The growth of HU-ATTAK depends on IL-2 and HUVEC. When IL-2 was removed from the culture, HU-ATTAK stopped growing and eventually died through apoptosis. On the other hand, when HUVEC was removed from the culture, HU-ATTAK ceased proliferation but survived for a period of over two weeks. A culture experiment using micropore membranes showed that attachment of HU-ATTAK to HUVEC is necessary for proliferation. Stimulation of the co-stimulatory molecule OX40 ligand, which is expressed on HUVEC, is also involved in HU-ATTAK growth because the anti-OX40 ligand antibody completely inhibited the growth. These findings suggest the importance of the microenvironment for the survival and proliferation of some cases of ATLL. The HU-ATTAK cell line may thus be useful for studying the growth mechanism of ATLL and might yield new insights into the pathogenesis of ATLL.

Establishment of an Adult T-Cell Leukemia Cell Line (HU-ATTAK) Dependent for Proliferation on Human Umbilical Cord Vein Endothelial Cells