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espanolLos lagos de alta montana de Saliencia (El Valle, La Cueva, Calabazosa y Cerveriz), en el Parque Natural de Somiedo (Asturias), han sufrido una notable presion antropica en tiempos recientes (mineria metalica, pastoreo de ganado vacuno, actividades de represamiento y trabajos de canalizacion). Este trabajo presenta los resultados y principales conclusiones de un reciente estudio realizado en estos lagos, sobre los cuales no existia informacion previa. En base a perfiles de temperatura, conductividad, pH y ORP, asi como de concentracion de oxigeno disuelto, clorofila-a, carbono organico, nutrientes y metales disueltos, se discute el impacto de la presion antropica sobre estos lagos. En el periodo de estudio (Julio a Septiembre, 2014-2016), estos lagos presentaron una marcada estratificacion termica y quimica con notables gradientes verticales como resultado de diversos procesos fisicos y biogeoquimicos. Todos los lagos mostraron un buen estado ambiental sin aparente contaminacion por metales. Sin embargo, este conjunto de lagos no es homogeneo en cuanto a la disponibilidad de nutrientes, productividad primaria, o deficit de oxigeno hipolimnetico, existiendo un espectro de condiciones troficas que van desde oligotroficas (El Valle) a eutroficas (Calabazosa). Esta tendencia parece estar provocada principalmente por la variabilidad del contenido en fosforo (p.ej., 10 µg/L P en El Valle frente a 35 µg/L P en Calabazosa), aunque los procesos erosivos en la cuenca tambien podrian estar contribuyendo a incrementar el consumo de oxigeno mediante el aporte de materia organica aloctona. Las zonas con mayor presencia de ganado (ej., El Valle) parecen presentar contenidos mas altos en nitratos, aunque no puede establecerse una relacion directa entre ganado y eutrofizacion. EnglishThe high-mountain lakes of Saliencia (El Valle, La Cueva, Calabazosa and Cerveriz), in the Somiedo Natural Park (Asturias, NW Spain), have been subject to different anthropogenic pressures, including metal mining, cattle grazing, damming activities and water channelling work for hydroelectric exploitation. This paper reports the results of a recent geochemical and limnological study conducted in these lakes, for which no previous study existed in the literature. Based on depth profiles of temperature, conductivity, pH and ORP, as well as dissolved oxygen, chlorophyll-a, organic carbon, nutrient and metal concentration, we discuss the impactof anthropogenic pressure on the lakes. In the sampling period (July to September, 2014-2016), most of the lakes showed a marked stratification with vertical gradients as a result of different physical and (bio)geochemical processes. All the lakes showed a good environmental state with no apparent metal pollution. However, this set of mountain lakes is not homogeneous with regard to nutrient availability, primary productivity, or hypolimnetic oxygen deficit and a range of trophic conditions exist from oligotrophic (El Valle) to eutrophic (Calabazosa). This trend shows a good correlation with total phosphorus concentration (e.g., 10 µg/L P in El Valle vs. 35 µg/L P in Calabazosa), though erosive processes in the catchment may also have contributed to increase the oxygen consumption rate through an import of allochthonous organic matter. Higher nitrate contents seem to characterize the areas with higher grazing pressure (e.g., El Valle), though the obtained data do not allow us to establish any evident relationship between cattle activity and eutrophication.

Hydrogeochemical characteristics of the Saliencia lakes (Somiedo Natural Park, NW Spain): trophic state and relationship with anthropogenic pressures