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Municipal wastewater effl uents are one of the largest single effl uent discharges in Canada. Chlorination of wastewater effl uents is a widespread practice throughout Canada (excluding Quebec), the United States and parts of Europe. As chlorine in wastewater effl uents is toxic to aquatic biota, dechlorination chemicals may be used to reduce residual chlorine concentrations to below 0.02 mg/L (as Cl 2 ) as mandated by Canadian law. However, the potential aquatic health impacts of residual dechlorination chemicals must also be determined. Seven dechlorination agents (ascorbic acid, hydrogen peroxide, calcium thiosulfate, sodium sulfi te, sodium thiosulfate, sodium metabisulfi te, sodium bisulfi te) were evaluated with regards to their 48 hour acute toxicity. Tests were conducted using Daphnia magna to identify the acute (48 h) toxicity affects of the dechlorination chemicals over a range of concentrations (0–200 mg/L). Sodium sulfi te and thiosulfate were found to have the least aquatic mortality effects while hydrogen peroxide and calcium thiosulfate had the most deleterious effects.

Potential Aquatic Health Impacts of Selected Dechlorination Chemicals