English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

A vast amount of evidence during the past decade, has confirmed that lead is associated with lipid and lipoprotein abnormalities which play a major role in the pathogenesis and progression of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases. This study aimed: to investigate the relationship between chronic occupational lead exposure, lipid profile, and serum PON1 activity as one of the mechanisms of atherosclerosis. Male workers (n=100) in lead battery manufactory were recruited for this study. They were compared with 100 male age matched non-lead workers. Serum lipid profile and paraoxonase activity were done to their samples. Serum Lead was determined vsing atomic absorption spectroscopy. There was significant differences regarding triglycerides, total cholesterol, and HDLc (p=0.01, 0.05 and 0.04, respectively) between both groups. A cumulative effect of blood lead on lipid profile was significantly detected. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that blood lead level was the only negative significant predictors to serum paraoxonase activity (p=0.03) in lead workers. lead exposure is associated with increased triglycerides, total cholesterol and LDL-c and decrease HDL-c. Because of the protective role of PON1 in the development of atherosclerosis, decrease in serum PON1 activity due to lead exposure may render individuals more susceptible to atherosclerosis. INTRODUCTION Lead exposure is a well known occupational health hazard. The continuous lead over exposure and lead poisoning remains a serious problem in Egypt especially among workers of battery and recycling factories.(1) Multiple morphological and biochemical changes in the cardiovascular system, various organs and blood are documented with chronic lead exposure.(2) Also it is associated with altered lipid metabolism especially serum cholesterol and lipoprotein levels in 538 Bull High Inst Public Health Vol.39 No.3 [2009] both humans and animals. (3-6) Atherosclerosis is a chronic disease that is caused by damage to the arterial wall from inflammation and fibro-fatty deposits.(7) A vast amount of evidence during the past decade, has confirmed that lipid and lipoprotein abnormalities play a major role in the pathogenesis and progression of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases.(8,9) Cholesterol is a key component in the development of atherosclerosis. An inverse correlation between the serum concentration of HDL-c (high density lipoprotein cholesterol) and the development of atherosclerosis has long been known.(10) Several laboratories have reported that HDL-c protects against LDL-c (low density lipoprotein cholesterol) oxidation.(11,12) which is the main step in initiation and progression of atherosclerosis.(13) The anti-atherogenic properties of HDL-c are partially due to the activity of HDL-associated enzymes, which prevent and/or reverse LDL oxidation. (14) One of those enzymes is the calciumdependent ester hydrolase paraoxonase (PON1) which is found tightly associated with the HDL particle.(15) Paraoxonase-1 (PON1) is a protein of 354 amino acids with a molecular mass of 43 kilo Dalton. Multiple factors can affect PON1 levels and thus interfering with its protective function.(16) Previous studies have shown that various metals, including lead even at low concentrations < 1 μg/dl, caused significant inhibition of PON1 activity in vitro.(17,18) and in vivo.(19) The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between chronic occupational lead exposure, lipid profile, and serum PON1 activity as one of the mechanisms of atherosclerosis SUBJECTS AND METHODS This cross sectional study was conducted from June 2008 till May 2009. Subjects 1. Occupational lead exposed group

Altered Serum Lipids and Paraoxonase Activity: A Step towards Atherosclerosis among Lead Exposed Egyptian Workers