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Objective: to investigate the effects of moderate and severe exercise on hepatic injury induced by renal ischemia reperfusion (IR) in male albino rats. Methods: 40 male albino rats were divided into 4 groups (10 rats each): sedentary sham-operated-control, sedentary renal IR group, moderate exercise-IR group and severe exercise-IR group. In the last two groups, swimming exercise protocol performed for 6 weeks, then rats were subjected to renal IR. At the end of experiment, serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and liver levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), reduced glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT), caspase-3 activity and TNF-α were assessed. Results: renal IR caused nonsignificant increase in the levels of ALT and AST with significant increase in hepatic MDA and TNF-α levels, while SOD and GSH levels showed significant decrease. CAT and caspase-3 showed insignificant change in IR group compared to sham group. Moderate exercise prior to renal IR showed insignificant decrease in ALT and AST levels, significant decrease in hepatic MDA and TNF-α levels, significant increase in hepatic SOD, GSH and CAT and non-significant change in caspase-3 compared to renal IR sedentary group. On the other hand, severe exercise prior to renal IR showed significant increase in ALT and AST levels, also hepatic MDA and TNF-α levels were significantly increased, while, hepatic SOD and GSH levels significantly decreased as compared to renal IR sedentary group, CAT levels insignificantly increased as compared to renal IR sedentary group. Caspase-3 insignificantly increased as compared to renal IR sedentary group but showed significant increase when compared to sham control group. Conclusions: Moderate exercise swimming ameliorates hepatic injury induced by renal IR by its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. While, severe exercise deteriorates the hepatic injury induced by renal IR by increasing the oxidative stress. Keywords

Effect of Moderate and Severe Swimming Exercise on Hepatic Injury and Apoptosis Induced by Renal Ischemia Reperfusion in Male Albino Rats