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Indigofera suffruticosa Mill (Fabaceae) occurs in abundance in northeastern Brazil and has intense popular use in the treatment of infectious and inflammatory processes. Various biological activities, such as anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antitumor, liver protector and low toxicity are reported for this plant. The aim of this study was to investigate the osmotic fragility and cytotoxic properties of aqueous leaf extracts from I. suffruticosa. The aqueous extract of I. suffruticosa leaves (AELIs) was obtained by maceration, filtration and later lyophilized, being used in the osmotic fragility test with sheep blood and cytotoxic effect in the Allium cepa assay. The erythrocyte osmotic fragility test showed low hemolysis levels, in the qualitative evaluation of the supernatant and in the result of the hemolytic percentage. Cytological examination with Allium cepa, no chromosomal abnormality were identifie, neither in the process of cell division (Interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase) between the control group and the groups of the experiment with different concentration of AELIs (50 μg.mL, 500 μg.mL e 1000 μg.mL). No chromosomal abnormalities or alterations in the cell division phases were found. However, the extract at the concentration of 50 μg.mL presented a root development when compared to 500 μg.mL and 1000 μg.mL. It is concluded that the AELIs shows low hemolysis index and absence of chromosomal abnormality or alteration in the phases of the cell divisions, suggesting cell membrane integrity and low toxicity

Erythrocyte Osmotic Fragility and Cytotoxic Activity of the Aqueous Extract of Leaves of Indigofera Suffruticosa Mill (Fabaceae)