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This study evaluated the effect of different levels of electrical conduction of nutrient solution on the morphophysiological parameters of Calendula officinalis L. and the interaction of electrical conduction of the nutrient solution and spray of 24-epibrassinolide with three electrical conduction (EC) levels of nutrient solution (1.5, 3, and 4.5 dS.m) and three hormone levels of 24-epibrassinolide (0, 0.5, and 1 μM) on C. officinalis L. under hydroponic conditions. The experiment arranged as factorial with completely randomized designs and four repetitions. Based on the results of the test with different EC levels, the nutrient solution showed significantly affected the studied parameters and diameter of C. officinalis L. (P<0.01). The traits of flowering stem height, wet weight, dry weight and volume of root, number of flowers, total phenol, total flavonoid, relative water content of leaf and stability of the petal’s cellular membrane were significantly affected by treatment with brassinosteroids, and interaction of EC of the nutrient solution and spray of brassinosteroids. On this basis, the maximum number of flowers was observed in the treatment with EC=1.5 dS.m and EBR=0.5 μM. The maximum total flavonoid was observed with EC=4.5 dS.m and EBR=1 μM and the minimum rate was observed in EC=4.5 dS.m and hormone control treatment (with no application of brassinosteroids hormone). The increase of EC in the nutrient solution led to an increase in alpha-cadinol, delta-cadinene and sigma–cadinene. Based on the results of the experiment, the application of the optimal concentration of nutrient solution and spray on acinolide is effective in helping improve morphophysiological parameters, and increases the flavonoid compounds and ingredients of C. officinalis L.

australian journal of crop science

Effect of brassinosteroid (24-epibrassinolide) on morphophysiological parameters and essential oils of Calendula officinalis L. by EC nutrient solution