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Plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) are a broad group of microorganisms that offer a huge, unexplored potential. We assessed the genetic diversity of endophytic bacteria that were isolated from corn and wheat plants in 3 different types of soils: A1 (Red Argisol), A2 (Red Latosol) and A3 (Red Nitossol). Endophytic bacteria were isolated from seedlings using 7 solid culture media and were further analyzed by 16S gene sequencing. IAA (Indole-3-acetic acid) production and PSI (Phosphorus solubilization index) bacteria capacity were tested in a randomly scheme in triplicate. In vitro association was assayed with 6 randomly selected endophytic strains. The experiment design was arranged in a randomly scheme with 10 replications. In vivo assays were performed to evaluate plant growth promotion using a low-fertility soil in different inoculation and/or fertilization conditions. The experiment design was arranged in a factorial 3x4 scheme in triplicate. The following characteristics were evaluated in both experiments in triplicate: plant biomass, total nitrogen content (TN) and endophytic population. As results, a total of 136 isolates were collected, and from these isolates, 41 strains were sequenced and classified into 4 major phylogenetic categories. There was a 38-fold variation between the highest (Ensifer adhaerens) and the lowest (Agrobacterium larrymoorei) IAA producer, and only 14% of strains were high phosphate solubilizers. In vitro assays identified both positively (Burkholderia ambifaria) and negatively (Pantoea ananatis) associative strains. In vivo assays showed that plant genotype can limit or induce the endophytic microbiota and that plant microbiota are highly influenced by soil fertility.

Interactions between endophytic bacteria and their effects on poaceae growth performance in different inoculation and fertilization conditions