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The present study was conducted to evaluate the infection rates of , and  among asymptomatic individuals in Erbil City, northern Iraq. The research intent was to discover whether pathogenic or nonpathogenic species cause a high rate of symptomless  infections. Stool samples were microscopically examined, and the 18S-rRNA gene was targeted utilizing the nested PCR technique in the positive specimens. Initial results based on morphological features showed that the  prevalence rate was 7.4%. Significantly higher rates of infections were seen in females than in males and in low-income people than in moderate-income people. The incidence rates among the asymptomatic individuals, as determined by molecular analysis, were as follows:  – 6%,  – 4.3%, and  – 0.3%. Of all the  positive samples, a single infection with  was identified in 41.4% samples; the single infection with  in 18.6% samples, 35.7% samples had mixed infections with two  species, and 4.3% had mixed infections with three species. The current study concluded that 7.4% of healthy people, who live in the endemic area under investigation, carry  species asymptomatically. Additionally, the majority of asymptomatic  infections were caused by the pathogenic  (81.4%) compared to  (58.6%), and  with the lowest rate of infection. Single and co-infections with  and  were noted. , which was identified for the first time in the region, was only seen in mixed infections.

Molecular Identification and Prevalence of Entamoeba histolytica, Entamoeba dispar and Entamoeba moshkovskii in Erbil City, Northern Iraq