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Diabetes is an important public health problem, one of our priority non communicable diseases (NCDs) targeted for action by world leaders. Both the number of cases and the prevalence of diabetes have been steadily increasing over the past few decades. The global prevalence of diabetes has nearly doubled in year 2014 since 1980, rising from 4.7% to 8.5% in the adult population. Study objective was to find out risk factors for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus among 40 year and above in rural areas of Varanasi. Material and methods: A community based cross sectional study was conducted in rural areas of Varanasi covering 40 year and above. WHO, STEP approach was used for data collection in this study. RBS and FBS blood sugar measured and diagnosis was confirmed by WHO criteria. χ2 test was applied to find significant association. Results: The mean ±SD age of the study subject was 55.19+11.92 years. The prevalence of smoking, alcohol intake, fruits consumption, vegetables consumption and physical activity was 18.3%, 22.7%, 48.1%, 99.8% and 28.8% respectively. The overall prevalence of diabetes was 6.1%. The prevalence of overweight and obesity was found 15.5% and 32.5% respectively, while prevalence of hypertension was 29%. Conclusion: Study showed that the association between physiological risk factors such as obesity and hypertension with diabetes was statistically significant (p<0.05), while behavioural risk factors mentioned above were not statistically significant (p>0.05).

Linkage between Behavioural and Physiological Risk Factors with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Rural Varanasi, India