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Microbiologically confirmed pulmonary tuberculosis patients under Revised National Tuberculosis Control Programme (RNTCP) are treated with a 6-month short-course chemotherapy (SCC) regimen irrespective of co-morbid conditions. The aim of present study was to determine the time taken for SSC conversion with standard current treatment with anti-tubercular drugs and analysis of risk factors if any delaying it. We undertook this prospective study to compare sputum conversion rates (smear) at the end of intensive phase (IP) of Category regimen. Material and methods: was a prospective study which was conducted for a period of eleven months from August 2018 to June 2019 at Department of Respiratory Medicine, K.N Chest Hospital, S.N Medical College, Jodhpur Rajasthan India. Patients visiting Department of Respiratory medicine and who were diagnosed as pulmonary tuberculosis by sputum smear examination were included in study. Result: Sputum smear-positive patients are infectious to close contacts as well as to community as they continue to expel bacilli for a variable period of time after initiation of DOTS regimen. Most patients undergo sputum conversion by the end of 3rd month. Patients who have predominant cavitatory disease in radiology, high smear grading before treatment, a prior history of DS/DR tuberculosis are more likely to have delayed sputum smear conversion. Conclusion: There need to mandate DST at the starting of DOTS in line with latest RNTCP guidelines to prevent the development of MDR strains and failures. Also there is a strong need to constitute strong infection control measures till patients are labelled as noninfectious.

Analysis of Risk Factors Affecting Sputum Conversion at the End of Intensive Phase Under DOTS for Treatment of Pulmonary Tuberculosis