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The relationship between sugar accumulation and sucrose metabolism enzyme activities was studied among seven genotypes of  Cucumis melo  L., covering the broad genetic range of sucrose accumulation found in the species. The primary determinant correlated with sucrose levels was the genetic variation for developmental loss of soluble acid invertase (AI) activity. Sucrose accumulation in the developing fruit began only when AI activity declined to less than an experimentally determined threshold value, and continued until removal of the fruit from the plant. In addition, the activities of sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS), sucrose synthase (SuSy), and neutral invertase (NI) were all positively correlated with sucrose accumulation among the genotypes. The low-sucrose-accumulating genotypes were characterized by low activities of each of the three enzymes, irrespective of their invertase activities. Final sucrose content was best predicted for each genotype by the number of days the fruit remained attached to the plant while characterized by “sucrose accumulation metabolism,” which was characterized primarily by AI activity less than threshold values, together with SPS, SuSy, and NI activities higher than threshold levels.

The Contribution of Sucrose Metabolism Enzymes to Sucrose Accumulation in Cucumis melo