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Primocanes of 'Marion' trailing blackberry plants (Rubus spp.) were suppressed by cutting them off at ground level in either late April, May, June, or July 1991 and 1992. A control was included in which primocanes were not cut. Four canes per plant were trained in either August or February, with all other canes being removed and measured. Yield data were collected in 1992 and 1993, after which yield components were measured. Cane diameter was greatest for unsuppressed plants and declined with later primocane removal date. Cane length was greatest for unsuppressed and April-suppressed plants. Internode length decreased and main cane percent budbreak increased with later suppression date. Cane number and total main cane length per plant were increased in April-, May-, and June-suppressed plants in 1992 and for April- and June-suppressed plants in 1993. Consequently, yield of April-suppressed plants exceeded that of unsuppressed plants in 1992. Yield of April-, May-, and June-suppressed plants exceeded that of unsuppressed plants in 1993. August-trained plants yielded 46% more than February-trained plants, primarily because of higher percent budbreak on main canes. August-trained plants also produced longer canes with more nodes and a greater number of fruit per main cane lateral. About 98% of the blackberry hectarage in Oregon is planted with cultivars having a trailing growth habit. The most important of these is 'Marion', which accounts for over 50% of the black- berry hectarage in the state and continues to be widely planted (Strik, 1992). Although 'Marion' is a vigorous cultivar with excellent fruit quality, yields in many growers' fields are often disappointingly low. Alternative systems of primocane suppres- sion are of interest as a means to increase yield and stabilize production. Many studies have shown that yield of red raspberry can be significantly increased by removing the first flush, and subsequent flushes, of primocanes from plants (Freeman and Daubeny, 1986; Waister et al., 1977; Williamson et al., 1979). Yield increases as a result of this practice have also been demonstrated in trailing blackberry (Sheets and Kangas, 1972). The timing and frequency of primocane removal also has a major impact on the productivity of red raspberry in subsequent years (Crandall et al., 1980; Free- man and Daubeny, 1986). If primocanes are not suppressed, then potential yield increases are forfeited, and the longercanes become a nuisance for training and harvesting. Removing canes too late can cause a swift and severe decline in vigor (Lawson and Wiseman, 1983). The present study was undertaken to examine the effect of different primocane suppression dates and training time on the productivity of individual canes and whole plants of 'Marion' blackberry.

Effect of Primocane Suppression Date on `Marion' Trailing Blackberry. I. Yield Components