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Microsatellite markers for blueberry ( Vaccinium  L.) were created from a preexisting blueberry expressed sequence tag (EST) library of 1305 sequences and a microsatellite-enriched genomic library of 136 clones.   Microsatellite primers for 65 EST-containing simple sequence repeats (SSRs) and 29 genomic SSR were initially tested for amplification and polymorphism on agarose gels. Potential usefulness of these SSRs for estimating species relationships in the genus was assessed through cross-species transference of 45 SSR loci and cluster analysis using genetic distance values from five highly polymorphic EST-SSR loci. Cross-species amplification for 45 SSR loci ranged from 17% to 100%, and was 83% on average in nine sections. Cluster analysis of 59  Vaccinium  species based on genetic distance measures obtained from 5 EST-SSR loci supported the concept of  V. elliotii  Chapm. as a genetically distinct diploid highbush species and indicated that  V. ashei  Reade is of hybrid origin. Twenty EST-SSR and 10 genomic microsatellite loci were used to determine genetic diversity in 72 tetraploid  V. corymbosum  L. accessions consisting mostly of common cultivars. Unique fingerprints were obtained for all accessions analyzed. Genetic relationships, based on microsatellites, corresponded well with known pedigree information. Most modern cultivars clustered closely together, but southern highbush and northern highbush cultivars were sufficiently differentiated to form distinct clusters. Future use of microsatellites in  Vaccinium  will help resolve species relationships in the genus, estimate genetic diversity in the National Clonal Germplasm Repository (NCGR) collection, and confirm the identity of clonal germplasm accessions.

Microsatellite Markers Developed from `Bluecrop' Reveal Polymorphisms in the Genus Vaccinium and Are Suitable for Cultivar Fingerprinting