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The reporting guidelines for measuring and reporting environmental parameters in controlled environment research call for measurements of electrical conductivity (EC) in liquid culture, but not in soilless substrates. However, EC is a useful indicator of the nutrient content of soilless substrates as well, and may be a relevant parameter in many experiments. Several probes have recently been developed that can be inserted directly into the growing medium to get electrical conductivity (EC) measurements. Some of these probes are able to measure the EC of the pore water in the substrate [W.E.T sensor, SigmaProbe (both from delta T)], while other meters measure the EC of the bulk substrate, together with the solution in it [FieldScout (Spectrum Technologies), HI 76305 (Hanna Instruments)]. We tested whether these probes are indeed sensitive to substrate EC, and how these measurements may be affected by temperature and volumetric water content of the substrate. In addition, we compared these probes to standard laboratory methods to measure substrate EC [1:2 v/v dilution, saturated media extract (SME), and the pour-through method]. The FieldScout and SigmaProbe both had very low temperature sensitivity, and the temperature correction for the SigmaProbe can be changed by the user (1.7% generally works well). The W.E.T sensor was temperature sensitive at high EC (5 dS m), but this is outside of the specified operating range for this sensor. Although the temperature compensation of the W.E.T probe can also be user-adjusted, we were not able to find a temperature correction that worked at all EC values. The HI 76305 probe was extremely temperature sensitive. In addition, this probes report ’salinity’ in units of g/L instead of EC. The conversion from EC to salinity does not appear to be according to standard practices (1 dS m = 640 700 ppm), which makes it difficult to compare readings to those collected with other methods.

In Situ Probes for Direct Measurement of Substrate Soluble Salts: Effects of Substrate Moisture Content and Fertilizer Concentration