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Hydroponic greenhouse production of sweet peppers is a well-established and growing industry in South Florida. Plants are in the greenhouse from about October until June, and the long season makes disease problems particularly costly to producers. A stem rot caused by  Fusarium solani  (anamorph of  Nectria haematococca ) and previously unreported in South Florida was found on greenhouse peppers in March 1999. Black lesions occurred at nodes where the plant was pruned or fruit was harvested. Tissues above the lesion appeared normal until the lesion girdled the stem, at which point the tissues above the lesion wilted and died. Greenhouse surveys over a 4-month period suggested that environmental factors played a role in number of infected plants and lesion size. A controlled environment chamber test was conducted to evaluate the effect of temperature and cultivar on disease development and severity. Three greenhouse pepper cultivars; Cubico, Triple 4, and Kelvin, were stem inoculated with  F. solani  at the 3- to 4-week stage. Noninoculated plants were included as a control. Fifteen plants of each cultivar plus control plants were incubated at ≈35, 32, and 29 °C for 2 weeks. The test was run twice. All inoculated plants developed lesions while no control plants developed disease symptoms. Lesion length and diameter were measured for all plants and wilting associated with disease development was noted. Temperature had a significant effect on disease severity with larger lesions and more frequent wilting occurring at higher temperatures. Cultivar did not affect the development of the disease.

026 The Effect of Temperature on the Development of Fusarium Stem Rot in Greenhouse Peppers in South Florida