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Poultry litter is readily available in eastern Oklahoma. Poultry litter contains most of the essential elements for plant growth, and has long been used as a fertilizer for various crops. The ratio of N-P-K is about 1-1-1. In some areas, litter has been used excessively, and buildups of certain nutrients have occurred. There are concerns that a buildup of phosphorus (P) will lead to excessive amounts of P in water systems, which will affect water quality. There are also concerns that nitrogen (N) will leach or run off into water systems and also lower the water quality. Oklahoma has enacted legislation that will control how much litter can be applied to a given field, and regulations are being set in place to monitor and control the applications of litter. Studies have been conducted at the Lane Agricultural Center in southeastern Oklahoma over the past 6 years to determine vegetable production and soil nutrient changes when different litter application strategies are followed. In general, poultry litter has produced yields of cucumbers, collards, and corn that are equal to or greater than yields of the same crops fertilized with conventional synthetic fertilizers. Buildups of certain nutrients, particularly P, are occurring. At this time, the buildups are considered beneficial. The highest rate of litter application has resulted in levels of soil P that are about half the maximum amount allowed under present legislation.

136 Limitations to the Use of Poultry Litter as a Fertilizer for Vegetables