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Twenty-six peach and six plum cultivars budded to 20–50 cm Ta Tao five or twenty-four interstems on Lovell rootstock were observed in four trials at two locations in South Carolina. The locations were in the Piedmont near Clemson and the Sandhills near Pontiac, S.C. The objective of growing peach cultivars on interstems was to delay scion phenology to reduce risk from late spring freezes. Data from these trials were collected from 1989 to 1996. Average bloom delay for peach cultivars on interstems was significant each year from 1991 through 1996 and ranged from 5 to 9 days later than the noninterstem controls. Bloom of plum cultivars on interstems was not significantly affected. Interstem peach trees had significantly smaller trunk cross-sectional areas and averaged from 32% smaller in 3-year-old trees to 35% in 7-year-old trees. Interstem trees also had fewer lateral vegetative budbreaks (i.e., blind wood). Fruit maturity was significantly delayed on most peach cultivars on interstems. Fruit of early cultivars (90 days past bloom) ripened 2–4 days later on interstems. Likewise, mid-season cultivars ripened 5–6 days later and late season cultivars (&gt;130 days past bloom) 3-4 days later. Fruit size was smaller on interstem trees when trees were either inadequately thinned or drought-stressed.

Ta Tao Peach Interstems Influence Cultivar Phenology, Vigor, and Fruiting in South Carolina