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Chitosan, a polymer of β-1,4- d -glucosamine derived from crabshell chitin, was applied to tomato plants before inoculation with the root pathogen  Fusarium oxysporum  f.sp.  radicis-lycopersici.  Whether chitosan was applied by leaf spraying, root coating, or seed coating, it reduced the number of root lesions caused by the fungus and increased the formation of physical barriers in infected root tissues. Formation of wall appositions such as papillae and occlusion of xylem vessels with coating substances were among the most typical features of host reactions. Another type of response was the accumulation of globular structures and electron-opaque masses in host cells neighboring colonized areas. Gold cytochemistry revealed that callose and lignin-like material were the main structural compounds induced in response to chitosan treatment and infection. Biochemical investigations showed that PR proteins as well as enzymes of the secondary metabolism were also significantly induced. The potential of chitosan as a biocontrol compound is discussed in relation to its ability to enhance plant protection against root pathogens.

hortscience

ENHANCED RESISTANCE OF TOMATO PLANTS TO FUSARIUM OXYSPORUM F.SP. RADICIS-LYCOPERSICI UPON TREATMENT WITH CHITOSAN: CYTOCHEMICAL ASPECTS OF INDUCED RESISTANCE