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Summer pruning effects on apple tree canopy microclimate, fruit quality, and summer disease were studied in a commercial orchard in eastern Arkansas. Eighteen lo-year-old trees of `Golde n Delicious'/M111 were treated as follows: 1) non-pruned control, 2) moderate pruned, thinning cuts in the canopy, and 3) heavy pruned, thinning cuts in the canopy and heading shoots on the canopy periphery. Treatments were applied on 23-June, 1992. All trees were dormant pruned. PPFD and relative evaporation (RE), measured with Livingston atmometers, were measured at time of treatment, on 15-July, and at Harvest, 9-Sept. PPFD and RE were immediately increased by summer pruning but by harvest had returned to levels near the non-pruned control. Fruit firmness, titratable acidity, starch, and color were not significantly affected while soluble solids were inconsistently affected. Weight was decreased insignificantly by moderate pruning and decreased slightly by heavy pruning. Summer fruit rot incidence was similar among all treatments. PPFD and RE were significantly higher in upper positions of the canopy as compared to lower positions.

THE EFFECTS OF SUMMER PRUNING ON APPLE TREE CANOPY MICROCLIMATE AND FRUIT QUALITY