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Pleuro-peritoneal fistula (PPF) is a known complication arising in patients receiving continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) as a form of renal replacement therapy with an incidence of approximately 2% (1). Previous literature has shown that the recurrence rate of non-operative management of PPF to be ~45%. Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) has been shown to be an effective and safe means of treating patients with PPF. However, to the author's knowledge, there is currently no sizeable case series that discuss the various intra-operative findings, operative techniques employed, post-operative complications, duration of peritoneal dialysis suspension and fistula recurrence in this particular patient group.

Surgical management of pleuro-peritoneal fistula in chronic renal failure patient—safety and effectiveness