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Depending on the nutritional characteristics and hardiness , the cowpea has become an important source of protein in North and Northeast regions of Brazil . The cowpea benefits from biological nitrogen fixation (BNF ) and may receive part of the nitrogen needed for culture via symbiosis, which reduces production costs . Aiming to contribute to the optimization of the BNF in the culture of cowpea ( Vigna unguiculata ( L) Walp ) in the cerrado of Tocantins , through the effectiveness of populations and diversity of rhizobia obtained in seven areas with and without crops , phenotypic isolation and characterization were performed ( pH, time of growth characteristics of the colonies and mucus ). We obtained 72 rhizobia and evaluated in a dendrogram showed a great diversity, with the formation of 18 groups and the five large groups with 70% similarity . The study of morphological and physiological characteristics reveals a fairly wide diversity of rhizobia and is usually related to studies at the DNA level . KEYWORDS : Vigna unguiculata , Nodulation , Nitrogen Fixation .

Isolation and phenotypic characterization of rhizobia that nodulate cowpea in the Cerrado in Tocantins State, Brazil