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Diabetes is a condition that arises when the pancreas do not produce enough insulin, or when the body cannot effectively use the insulin produced. Diabetes Mellitus is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by high glucose levels in the blood over a prolonged period [1]. It is due to several pathogenic processes ranging from infection, and uncommon forms of immune-mediated diabetes, autoimmune destruction of the β-cells of the Islet of Langerhans of the pancreas with resultant insulin deficiency to abnormalities that result in resistance to insulin action [1]. Defects in insulin secretion and action usually co-exist in the same patient. These conditions leads to abnormalities in carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism. There are three main types of diabetes mellitus: type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, and gestational diabetes. Other causes of diabetes are genetic defects in insulin action, diseases of the exocrinepancreas, gene 11 C defects of the β-cell, endocrinopathies, drug or chemical induce diabetes, infections, uncommon forms of immune-mediated diabetes and genetic syndromes due to chromosomal abnormalities. Skin rashes can occur in diabetes and it is known as diabetic dermatomes. Type 1 diabetes was formally referred to as insulindependent Abstract: Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by high glucose levels in the blood. It constitutes a major health concern today because the prevalence has continuously increased worldwide over the past few decades affecting about 2.8% of the world population. This study examine the palliative effect of daonil supplemented with tryptophan on alloxan induced diabetic rats and the possible benefit of the treatment. Since carbohydrate metabolism is modified in diabetic animals, it’s of interest to determine the effect of tryptophan on alloxan induced diabetic rat. To identify possible relationships between tryptophan with diabetes. The purpose of this study was to ascertain if tryptophan administration has positive effect on the glucose level. Twenty five healthy female rats out of 30 were made diabetic by dissolving 150mg alloxan monohydrate per kg weight in 0.9ml of normal saline which was injected into the rats intraperitoneally. After the establishment of diabetes the animals were subdivided into three groups of 4 each. Daonil and tryptophan only were administered orally to group 1 daily for 7 days, Tryptophan only for group 2 and daonil only for group 3 while the group 4 of five served as controls. Tryptophan was administered at 400mg/kg and 0.5ml of daonil. The weight of the animals were recorded, and the glucose levels was determined using the glucometer on the the 3rd and 7th day. Histomorphological studies were conducted on the kidney, liver and pancreas tissues using light microscope method. Daonil and tryptophan treated rats (group1) and Tryptophan only treated rats (group 2), showed no significant decrease (P<0.318) in glucose level. Treatment with daonil showed a significant decrease (P>0.01) in weight and glucose concentration. The histomicrograph .for the three treatments showed that the kidney renal corpuscles appeared as atrophied dense rounded structures bounded by inflammatory infiltrates. Liver show thickened distorted portal vein with clear visible fatty hydropic changes and congested with some visible inflammatory cells. Pancreas pyknotic nuclei of some acinar cells appeared normal with some islet-cells showing congested pyknotic nuclei with lymphocytic infiltrates. The findings in this study indicate that diabetes had deleterious effect on the kidney, liver and pancreas due to drug administration and also tryptophan supplement was not a good alternative for diabetes management.

Palliative Effects of Daonil Supplemented with Tryptophan on Alloxan Induced Diabetic Rats