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The term “Rhabdomyoma” was first introduced by Zenker in 1864 to indicate a benign tumor of skeletal muscle cells with varying degree of differentiation and maturity [1]. Over the years, further research enabled improvements in the definition of rhabdomyoma, as a rare benign tumor of striated muscles affecting the myocardium and skeletal muscles [2]. From an anatomical stand point, cardiac rhabdomyoma which is more common, occurring almost exclusively among the pediatric population and often associated with phakomatosis, may be differentiated from the less prevalent extra cardiac tumors [2, 3]. Extra cardiac rhabdomyoma affects most often, in close to 77% of cases, body parts such as the cephalic and cervical regions, the digestive system and occasionally the limbs, while only 14% occur in the genitalia [4, 5]. Rhabdomyoma of the head and neck originate from the branchial musculature of the 3 rd and 4 th branchial arches [6]. From a histological point of view, rhabdomyomas may be subdivided into three main subtypes which are the adult, fetal and genital subtypes [7]. Fetal rhabdomyoma may further be subdivided into the classic immature subtype, and the intermediate histological subtype which is characterized by more prominent rhabdomyoblastic maturation [8]. Nevertheless, a number of tumors overlap between these two major subtypes [8]. From a cytological stand point, most rhabdomyomas comprise polygonal frequently vacuolated glycogen containing cells, with fine granular deeply acidophilic cytoplasm, resembling myofibril [9]. All forms of rhabdomyoma may occur in children as well as in adults without Abstract

Massive Paralysing Rhabdomyoma in a Cameroonian Adolescent: in-between Dejerine-Klumpke, Pancoast-Tobias and Claude-Bernard Horner Syndromes