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Este ensaio dedica-se a compreender o carater biografico e o contexto social e historico em que Lawrence Kohlberg (1927-1987) desenvolveu sua teoria cognitivo-desenvolvimentista sobre a moral, como ele mesmo a chamava. Discute, tambem, como as investigacoes que originaram a teoria moral kohlberguiana foram motivadas, em parte, por uma aguda procura pelo sentido de justica. Essa busca por justica era tanto pessoal quanto uma demanda por mudanca social em escala global, contemporânea a sua vida e carreira academica. Kohlberg aplicou suas descobertas a educacao, concebendo a escola como um espaco privilegiado da busca por justica e pela moralidade pos-convencional.Resumen alternativo:This essay is devoted to understanding the biographical nature and the social and historical context in which Lawrence Kohlberg (1927-1987) developed his theory of cognitive development about morality, as he named ithimself. It also discusses how the investigations that originated Kohlberg's moral theory were motivated, inpart, by an acute search for the sense of justice. This quest was consolidated on the social movements ofprotest, in cultural products like music and photojournalism, and in specific research about authorityobedience. The “years of lead” lived by Kohlberg covers the end of the World War II, the Cold War, the repression of pacifist protests and it reaches the mid-1970s. The essay proposes that the quest of justice wasnot only personal, but also due to a demand for social change on a global scale, contemporary to Kohlberg’slife and academic career. Subsequently, Kohlberg applied his findings to education, conceiving the school as a privileged space for the search of justice and post-conventional morality.

Lawrence kohlberg e os anos de chumbo: demandas por justiça e a procura pela moralidade pós-convencional