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In many vertebrate species, polyploid and binucleate cells are found in the adult hepatic parenchyma. The number of polyploid and binucleate hepatic cells increases with age. In this paper, the proliferative capacity of polyploid and binucleate cells were studied, in order to analyse a progressive reduction with age in the regenerative capacity of tissues. Three groups of rats, 4-week, 6-week and 15-week-old, were used in this experiment. The animals were partiall y hepatectomized, received an injection of triti ated-thymidine at 18 hours after the operation, and were sacrificed 30 minutes later. The livers were then subjected to the combined autorad iograph ic and microspectrophotometric studies. The labeling index was calculated for each hepatic cell type, which was classified according to nuclear polyploidy and binuclearit y. Spatial distribu tion of polyploid cells in the liver lobule and that of hepatic cells labeled with tritiated-th ymidine were also studied, and were taken into consideration to interpret values of the labeling index. The results of these studies indicate that value of the labelin g index of polyploid hepatic cells is genera lly smaller than that of diploid cells, and tha t value of the labeling index of binucleate cells is also smaller than that of mononucleat e cells. These results strongly suggest that the proliferative capacity of hepatic cells is reduced with polyploidization.

DNA synthesis in polyploid and binucleate hepatic cells in the regenerating rat liver of different ages.