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The article is devoted to a few problems: 1 . how Symeon and Leo the Philosopher looked at the Bulgarian-Byzantine war of 894–896; 2 . what place it took in their life experiences; 3 . how it was inscribed in the concept of relations between countries whose inhabitants follow the same religion . The war of the years 894–896 showed that Symeon was not only a cabinet scholar and a former monk, but a statesman, a gifted leader, skillful and ruthless negotiator . This war made him realize his own strength and gave him an opportunity to test his skills as 56 T . Wasilewski, op . cit ., p . 225–226; I . Božilov, A propos des rapports bulgaro-byzantines sous le tzar Syméon, BBg 8, 1986, p . 80; Ε . Κυριάκης, Βυζάντιο και Βούλγαροι 7ος-10ος αι. Συμβολή στην εξωτερική πολιτική του Βυζαντίου, Αθήνα 1993, p. 211–212. 57 More information on the Byzantine hopes for peace with Bulgarians based on a common religion – M .J . Leszka, Stracone złudzenia . Religijny kontekst stosunków bizantyńsko-bułgarskich w latach 863–927, [in:] Religijna mozaika Bałkanów, ed . M . Walczak-Mikołajczakowa, Gniezno 2008, p . 32–39 . Mirosław J. Leszka 70 a leader and a ruler . The war also demonstrated to the Byzantines that the Bulgarians, although they were Christians, were still dangerous opponents . Leo VI, a wise man and a scholar suffered a great defeat in dealing with just as scholarly but much more determined and gifted with military talents Bulgarian ruler . The former Monk defeated the Philosopher . Translated by Katarzyna Gucio Mirosław J. Leszka Katedra Historii Bizancjum Uniwersytet Łódzki ul . A . Kamińskiego 27a 90–219 Łódź, Polska mirleszka@poczta .onet .pl

The Monk versus the Philosopher: From the History of the Bulgarian-Byzantine War 894-896