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For the use of the water resource in agriculture, greater efficiency is sought because of scarcity in certain regions. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of water deficit, applied in different phenological phases, on the growth, physiology and production of upland cotton BRS 286 and BRS 336 cultivars. The experimental design was a randomized complete block in a Split Plot scheme, with the six water deficit regimes, applied on the different cotton phenological phases, constituting the Plots, and the two upland cotton cultivars, the Subplots, in four repetitions. Upland cotton growth, physiology and yield variables were evaluated. The water deficit restricted the upland cotton growth of both cultivars, with the most sensitive phases being those of initial growth, flower bud and flower. The 14 - day deficit, applied in the different phenological phases, did not influence the photosynthesis of the plants of both cultivars, but it altered its stomatal conductance and transpiration. Phenological phases of flower and fruit were the most sensitive to water deficit due to lower production. The treatments with no deficits in the whole cycle and with deficits in the initial growth and open fruit stages of both upland cotton cultivars allowed a satisfactory productivity compared to the national average.

Cultivares de algodoeiro herbáceo sob déficit hídrico aplicado em fases fenológicas