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Fragmentos de carvao vegetal macroscopico foram encontrados em um dos niveis fitofossiliferos do Afloramento Morro Papaleo, Paleozoico Superior (Asseliano/Sakmariano) da porcao sul da Bacia do Parana, Brasil. Foram descritos lenhos carbonizados, associados a dois morfotipos gimnospermicos vinculados provavelmente a Agathoxylon, o que confirma a ocorrencia de paleoincendios vegetacionais nesta area. A deposicao dos carvoes vegetais macroscopicos se deu de forma autoctone/parautoctone, o que permite inferir que os paleoincendios vegetacionais atingiram diretamente a turfeira formadora da camada de carvao e que ocorreram durante uma estacao marcadamente seca. Correlacoes com estudos previos indicam que os eventos tiveram como provavel fonte de ignicao atividades vulcânicas. A presenca de carvao vegetal macroscopico em sedimentos permianos associados a diferentes niveis em localidades distintas, demonstra que incendios vegetacionais foram comuns nos ambientes formadores dos depositos do Paleozoico Superior da Bacia do Parana. Palavras-chave: carvao vegetal macroscopico; paleoincendios; Gondwana; Permiano Inferior. ABSTRACT: PALEOBOTANICAL EVIDENCE OF WILDFIRES ON THE MORRO PAPALEO OUTCROP, LATE PALEOZOIC OF RIO GRANDE DO SUL, BRAZIL. Macroscopic charcoal fragments have been discovered in one of the plant-bearing levels from the Morro Papaleo Outcrop, Late Paleozoic (Asselian/Sakmarian) at the southernmost portion of the Parana Basin, Brazil. Charred wood associated with two gymnospermic (probably Agathoxylon) morphotypes are described, confirming the occurrence of paleowildfires in this area. The macroscopic charcoal was autochthonously/parautochthonously deposited, allowing infers that the paleowildfires reached the mire which originated the coal layer and occurred during a dry season. Correlations with previous studies indicate that the events could maybe be ignited by volcanic activities. The presence of macroscopic charcoal in Permian sediments associated to different levels and localities, demonstrate that paleowildfires were more or less common in the environments associated with the Late Paleozoic deposits of the Parana Basin. Keywords: macroscopic charcoal; paleowildfires; Gondwana; Lower Permian.

EVIDÊNCIAS PALEOBOTÂNICAS DE INCÊNDIOS VEGETACIONAIS NO AFLORAMENTO MORRO PAPALÉO, PALEOZÓICO SUPERIOR DO RIO GRANDE DO SUL, BRASIL.