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espanolAunque el patrimonio cultural de Mesoamerica es cuantioso, aun no se cuenta con una curva de variacion secular del campo geomagnetico mediante datos arqueomagneticos para el centro de Mexico y areas adyacentes. La presente investigacion persiguio dos objetivos: obtener caracteristicas mas precisas de los elementos del campo geomagnetico en el pasado arqueologico para el lapso 350 aC. a 1500 dC., ademas de construir una herramienta de datacion arqueomagnetica confiable para el centro y Sur de Mexico, region que corresponde con la porcion central y norte de Mesoamerica. Para ello se compilaron y seleccionaron 72 resultados previamente publicados en revistas arbitradas junto con 40 datos provenientes de informes de proyectos o tesis. La mayoria de las muestras portan magnetizacion termo-remanente, unicamente 31 son estucos no quemados con magnetizacion remanente detritica y 3 pinturas murales con magnetizacion remanente pictorica. Un total de 112 direcciones arqueomagneticas constituyen el nucleo del catalogo actualizado. Es necesario un mayor numero de datos respaldados por edades radiometricas y de mayor calidad para mejorar la curva de referencia en Mexico, en particular para los lapsos entre 500 aC. y 200 dC. y entre 1200 dC y 1325 dC. La curva de variacion paleosecular que se presenta muestra buena correlacion con la fluctuacion observada en el area SO de Estados Unidos. Las grandes diferencias entre ambas areas para los lapsos 600-650 dC., 850-1000 dC. y 1200-1325 dC. pueden ser mayormente atribuidas a la falta de datos confiables mas que al campo no dipolar local. EnglishDespite the immense cultural heritage of Mesoamerica, there is still no reference archaeomagnetic curve available for Central Mexico and adjacent areas. The present research has two simultaneous objectives: to obtain finer characteristics of the geomagnetic field elements over archaeological past, and to build up a reliable regional archaeomagnetic dating tool for the time span of 350 BC. to 1500 AD. For these purposes, 72 previous were compiled and analyzed with 40 new data selected from unpublished reports and theses performed in the paleomagnetic laboratories of the Geophysics Institute of UNAM (CDMX and Morelia). Most of the samples carry thermo-remanent magnetization, 31 cases were unburned stuccos, and 3 mural paintings carrying detrital or pictorial remanent magnetization. A total of 112 archaeomagnetic directions constitute the core of the updated catalogue. Special effort should be paid for to the time intervals of 500 BC.-AD. 200 and AD. 1200-325 where there is a major lack of reliable archaeomagnetic results. The present paleosecular variation curve agrees reasonably well with the fluctuation observed in the SW United States area. The differences in the intervals between AD. 600-720, AD. 850 and 1000 and AD. 1200-1325 may be rather attributed to the lack of reliable data than to local non-dipole field. It is urgent to gather a greater number of high-quality data supported by radiome tric ages to improve the reference curve in both regions.

boletín de la sociedad geológica mexicana

An updated catalogue of pre-Hispanic archaeomagnetic data for north and central Mesoamerica: Implications for the regional paleosecular variation reference curve