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The researchers tested an afterschool activity focused on engineering to determine the impact it had on middle school students’ self-efficacies and perception of STEM. When comparing the results of the pre and post survey, on average, males had a +0.75 increase in self-efficacy, whereas females had a +0.61 increase in self-efficacy. While when assessing for perception of STEM, the researchers found that females increased with -0.6 and males increased -0.23, demonstrating that female interest increased at a higher rate than males after participating in the engineering activity. The most significant finding in this paper is that students who had a preexisting interest in STEM reported an increased interest after participating in the engineering afterschool activity. Keywords— STEM education; self-efficacy; pre-collegiate STEM exposure; persistence; females in STEM; engineering education

Exploring How an Engineering-focused After-school Activity Can Increase Student Self-Confidence in STEM (RTP, Strand 5)