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Although limited information is available about the pathophysiology of knee osteoarthritis (OA) disease in relation with oxidative stress, there is a paucity of satisfactory explanation regarding the alteration in the level of antioxidant enzymes and lipid peroxidation with severity of knee OA. Aim: To estimate the levels of antioxidant enzymes and malondialdehyde (MDA) in the knee OA patients of different KL grade and to determine the variation in their levels with severity of disease. Materials and Methods: Antioxidant enzyme status (superoxide dismutase and ceruloplasmin) and malondialdehyde levels were measured in 150 knee OA patients (35-65 years), by using standard methods. On the basis of KL grading scale Knee OA patients were categorized into three groups (n=50 in each group) and statistically compared it with that of 50 healthy controls by using student’s t-test. Results: Erythrocyte superoxide dismutase activity was significantly low in Group II (P = <0.05) and Group III (P = <0.001) subjects as compared to healthy controls whereas serum ceruloplasmin level was increased significantly only in Group II (P = <0.05) and Group III (P = < 0.001) subjects. Similarly, serum MDA level was increased significantly in Group II (P = < 0.05) and Group III (P = <0.001) subjects as compared to healthy controls. Conclusion: Study findings indicate that alteration in antioxidant enzyme status and increased production of MDA are excellent marker of oxidative stress in different grades of knee OA patients. Thus, the diet rich in antioxidant or antioxidant supplementation could be beneficial in delaying the progressive destruction of articular cartilage process and serve as a preventive strategy in field of knee OA management.

Assessment of antioxidant enzyme status and lipid peroxidation in different KL grade knee osteoarthritis patients