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Epigenetic therapeutics are the new generation of chemotherapeutics for treatment of cancer, and histone deacetylase inhibitors have been actively discovered in this category They target the biological processes including the cell cycle, apoptosis, DNA repair, cell cycle control, autophagy, metabolism, senescence and chaperone function. Several families of histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors have been synthesized and evaluated. Their positive effects on the cell cycle have been demonstrated in biological models and in clinical trials. Recently Food and Drug Administration has approved Vorinostat, Romidepsin and Belinostat for oncologic indications of refractory cutaneous and peripheral T cell Lymphoma. These advances have provided the motivation to develop more potent and selective inhibitors and target other pathologic conditions with these drugs. Major ongoing efforts are to develop inhibition as monotherapy, rational combination with chemotherapy and other targeted drugs. Some progress is made into developing isoform specific drugs. In this perspective, the biological functions and potential substrates of histone deacetylase enzymes are reviewed and the characteristics of this inhibitors are discussed in respect with anticancer activity and further therapeutic interest.    Keywords: Epigenetic therapeutics, Histone deacetylase inhibitors, Anticancer, Classification, Food and drug administration approved drugs.

Current perspective of histone deacetylase inhibitors: A review