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The cold pressor test which is considered to be a sympatho-excitatory maneuver is a simple, noninvasive and validated test of sympathetic activation. The heart rate and blood pressure responses to CPT could be used as indicators of global sympathetic activation, and thus of cardiac status and autonomic function. Autonomic nervous system dysfunction at the subclinical level seems to be the predisposing condition that occurs far earlier before developing an overt diabetic condition. Aims: To evaluate the cardiac autonomic status and its reactivity among healthy offspring with and without parental history of Type2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). To Compare the autonomic reactivity by recording Heart Rate (HR) and Blood pressure during and after CPT between healthy offspring with and without parental history of T2DM. Materials and Methods: This study consists of 40 healthy male subjects with family history of T2DM (cases) and 40 healthy male subjects without family history of T2DM (controls) in the age group of 18-25 years. HR and BP during and after CPT were compared between cases and controls. Results: Student t test (two tailed, independent) has been used to find the significance of study parameters on continuous scale between two groups. HR response to post CPT showed significant differences between two groups across all the time points. Controls showed higher HR than cases at all the time points. However, the reduction of HR with time was more gradual in controls. The graphical representation of SBP changes after CPT, shows fluctuation among cases before it reaches the stable value, whereas, in controls the decrease was at constant level. Conclusion: The results suggest there was altered autonomic reactivity to physical stress among the offspring with parental history of T2DM when compared to their counterparts and hence this points towards the fact that they are at a risk of developing future autonomic dysfunction and cardiovascular complications.  Ke

Effect of cold stress on heart rate and blood pressure in healthy offspring with and without parental history of type2 diabetes mellitus