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Background: Despite the ongoing transition from obsolete electromechanical relays to microprocessor-based relay protection and automation devices (RPA) in electrical networks, the RPA system architecture remains decentralized. Another «Вестник ИГЭУ» Вып. 2 2018 г. ФГБОУВО «Ивановский государственный энергетический университет имени В.И. Ленина» 32 principle of RPA system design is a centralized system, which can decrease both the equipment and the operating costs and improve selectivity of protection. The use of centralized differential protection (CDP) has good prospects. Its typical examples are the method of differential rings and the method of multi-zone differential protection. In terms of operating of modern electrical grids, a common drawback of the proposed approaches is the complexity of their technical implementation. The purpose of this study is to create a simple and highly reliable CDP system for digital substations (DSs). Materials and methods: In this paper, we used the double-entry and graph theory methods. To assess the reliability of protection, we applied the method of Markov chains. Results: A new principle of organization of CDP of DSs with the use of the double-entry method is proposed. It is established that the reliability of the developed protection significantly exceeds that of the standard technical solutions. Conclusions: The proposed protection can be adjusted to the configuration changes in case of switchovers at substations. The developed technical solutions allow the identification of the faults in current transformers and communication paths and have very high reliability levels. The obtained results allow us to make a conclusion about the prospects of implementing differential protection using the double entry method at digital substations. CDP implementation requires additional research in the following areas: development of a microprocessor-based device for CDP, or modification and improvement of the existing terminals of microprocessor protection; selection of the most appropriate variant of communication, in terms of reliability, efficiency and operability; development of standard solutions for the proposed relay protection.

Centralized differential protection of the digital substation with double entry method application