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The paper explains the ways of modelling a distortion as a phenomenon caused by different amount and orientation of the residuals-coordinate corrections between initial and target coordinate system at different locations and using the lattice grid models. In order to show more clearly the topographic terrain modelling, the application of triangular meshes i.e. TIN models is explained. The paper describes the collocation by least squares method that takes into account the impact of the distortions of neighbouring points in the observation point depending on the distance from the observation point. To model the final distortion computed by least squares collocation as smoothly as possible, the input values of distortion (positional and/or altitude residuals remaining after calculating transformation parameters) the concept of moving average is described, as well as the covariance function that is used to describe the influence of spatial distortion as function of distance. Using Briggs algorithm throughout GRID, the difference between two types of nodes is explained those that have perceived the distortion in their neighbourhood and those without close observation. Further, the deficiency of Briggs's method is processed that is primarily intended for highly polished so-called potential models. At the end, the formula for assessing the accuracy of the transformation GRID model is given.

tehnički vjesnik/tehnički vjesnik

Methods of Modelling the Distortion Caused by Different Amount and Orientation of Coordinate Corrections between Two Coordinate Systems at Various Locations