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By analyzing the satellite images, topology map, geology map, geomorphology map, and field survey data, this study has determined the Cam Ranh-Tuy Phong fault in the South Central area, Viet Nam has NE-SW orientation and inclines to SE with high slope angle of 70-80. During the Pliocene-Quaternary period, the Cam Ranh-Tuy Phong fault is left-lateral movement with the extension mechanisms, which formed the graben have an NE-SW orientation, deposited by Quaternary sediment. The fracture systems and fault are the channels for the mineral water and hot water to move up from the deep zone in the area of Cam Thinh Dong, Ha Nhi, Vinh Hao, Nha Me, Tuy Thinh..., and also to be the channels for the mud material, clay and underground water to move from below zone to the surface to form high mud mounds. The analytical results of clay mud have identified clay mineral composition to be main montmorilonit, illite, kaolinite, calcite, chlorite. The occurrence of montmorilonit minerals in this study area is characterized by the alkali-rich environment. The chemical composition of calcite is determined forming in the environment of with pH > 9, characterized by the arid climates. Besides, other analytical results of clay mud also identified some minerals, such as: ankerite (Fe, Mg)CO3, calcite and some accessory minerals such as: fluorite, lepidocrokit with the participation hydrothermal process.

Analytical Results of Cam Ranh–Tuy Phong Fault Characteristics and Its Relation to Mud Eruption in Nam Trung Bo Area, Viet Nam