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Introduccion: Al tener claridad respecto  de cuales son los predictores de desempeno  academico, se puede mejorar la seleccion de los estudiantes que ingresan a la universidad asegurando que esten en posesion de las competencias necesarias que garanticen un buen rendimiento. Objetivos: Determinar la capacidad predictiva de los requisitos de ingreso y del proceso PSU, para el rendimiento academico de los alumnos de primer ano de la carrera de odontologia. Material y Metodo: Estudio observacional descriptivo de corte transversal con alumnos que cursaron primer ano entre el 2004-2008 (inclusive). Se reviso las planillas de ingreso de la Unidad de Admision y Registro Academico Estudiantil (UDARAE) obteniendo informacion referida al genero, ano de ingreso, promedio de notas de ensenanza media (NEM), puntaje de seleccion (PSUSEL)  y  puntajes de las pruebas de lenguaje (PSU-L),  matematicas (PSU-M) y ciencias (PSU-C). Para el rendimiento academico se consulto las planillas de notas de la Oficina de Registro y Control de la Facultad. Resultados: El mayor porcentaje de aporte a la explicacion del rendimiento  academico correspondio al promedio NEM, con 10%, luego la PSU-C, con  5,6%. Las PSU-L y PSU-M arrojaron un 0% de aporte y el PSU-SEL un 23,4%.  Conclusiones: La variable que mas fuertemente se asocia con el rendimiento academico es el promedio NEM, seguido por la PSU-C.  Tanto la PSU-L  como la PSU-M presentaron  una capacidad predictiva nula. El proceso PSU presento una capacidad predictiva limitada. Palabras claves: proceso PSU, capacidad predictiva, rendimiento academico. Introduction: Having clear which are de predictors of academic development, the selection of students that enter University, can be improved, assuring that they are in possession of the competitions that guaranty a good performance. Objectives: To determine the predictive capacity of the entering requirements and the PSU process, for the academic performance of the students of first year in the Odontology career.  Material and Method: Descriptive observational study, of transversal cut with students that went through first year between 2004 and 2008. The entering schedules of de Unity of Admission and Academic Student Register (UDARAE), were checked, obtaining information about the gender, entering year, average notes of senior year (NEM), selection score (PSU-SEL) and the score of the language (PSU-L), math (PSU-M) and science (PSU-C) exams. For the academic performance the schedule of marks of the Register and Faculty Control Office was checked. Results: The bigger percentage of contribution to the explanation of the academic performance corresponded to the NEM average, with 10%, then the PSU-C with 5.6%. The PSU-L and PSU-M, had a 0% of contribution and the PSUSEL a 23,4%.  Conclusions: The most strong variable that can be associated with the academic performance is the NEM average, followed by the PSU-C. The PSU-L and the PSU-M presented a void predictive capacity. The PSU process presented a limited predictive capacity. Keywords: PSU process. predictive capacity, academic performance

¿Predicen los requisitos de ingreso a odontología el rendimiento académico durante primer año?