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espanolEste trabajo se centra en la investigacion sobre posibles origenes para los errores de aprendizaje detectados en estudiantes de 5to y 6to grado de escuela primaria (10-12 anos), frente al tema sistema circulatorio humano. A partir de evidencias que provienen de las respuestas de los ninos frente a un cuestionario, se presenta una propuesta de procesos cognitivos involucrados en el aprendizaje en funcion del marco teorico del Sistema de Procesamiento de la Informacion. Finalmente, se propone una categorizacion de Obstaculos Epistemologicos de Aprendizaje (OEA) que se derivan del analisis de casos de aprendizajes erroneos sobre el tema en cuestion. La importancia de detectar tempranamente dificultades de aprendizaje seria llegar a evitar que se afiancen los errores generados durante el procesamiento inicial de la informacion que se debe aprender. EnglishThis paper focuses on the investigation of possible origins of learning errors detected in fifth and sixth grade primary school students (10-12 years), in relation to the human circulatory system. Based on the evidence that comes from the analysis of the children’s responses to a questionnaire, a theoretical proposal about cognitive processes involved in acquisition of new learning is presented. These cognitive processes are based on the framework of Information Processing Theory. A categorization of Epistemological Learning Obstacles (ELO) is also presented based on the analysis of cases of learning errors. Early detection of learning obstacles has an impact in avoiding the fixation of mistakes that could have appeared during initial stages of the learning process.

Obstáculos de aprendizaje en niños de 10-12 años sobre el tema sistema circulatorio humano: una propuesta teórica en base a evidencias