English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

This phytosociological study conducted during 2013-2017 summed up 15 communities including 5 each for trees, shrubs and herbs. Quantitative attributes of vegetation were recorded by using quadrate method i.e. 10 m trees, 5 m for shrubs and 1 m quadrate for herbs. Edaphic attributes were enumerated by employing standard methods. Among tree species highest Family Importance Value was recorded for Pinnaceae (190.85) and lowest for Anacardiaceae (2.39). For shrubs Rosaceae (101.44) had highest FIV and lowest for Rubiaceae (1.89). For herbaceous members highest FIV was recorded for Poaceae (182.15) and lowest for Paeoniaceae (0.42). Three communities viz. PinusDiospyrosQuercus community, IndigoferaCotoneasterJasminum community and Apluda-Cynodon-Heteropogon community were established at Lower Chail site. While Upper Chail comprised Pinus-Quercus-Juglans, Rubus-Isodon-Ricinus and Apluda-Heteropogon-Poa communities. Community structure was quite different at Shanku site which established Quercus-Abies-Pinus, Sarcococca-Daphne-Berberis and Cynodon-Apluda-Bergenia communities respectively. Similarly, Cedrus-Abies-Pinus, ParrotiopsisVibernum-Berberis and Chrysopogon-Themeda-Cynodon communities were established at Dabargai. At Bishigram, Picea-Pinus-Abies, Parrotiopsis-Cotoneaster-Indigofera and Cenchrus-Medicago-Rumex communities were present. Soils were mildly acidic and had low organic matter content. Vegetation was found to be under severe biotic stress. Deforestation is threatening these ecosystems and conservation of montane temperate forests in this zone is need of the day.

VEGETATION STRUCTURE AND THREATS TO MONTANE TEMPERATE ECOSYSTEMS IN HINDUKUSH RANGE, SWAT, PAKISTAN