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Long-term research on the effect of deicers on groundcover plants can open up usage of groundcover plants for ornamental purposes on the roadside affected by deicer salt. The objective of this study was to investigate the long-term effect of CaCl2 on morphological and physical responses of purple chrysanthemum (Aster sphathulifolius) grown in a greenhouse. Five different concentrations (0, 1, 2, 5, 10, and 15 g/L) of road deicer (CaCl2 74%) solutions (100 ml) were applied twice a week for a 5 month period. Survival rate, growth parameter, biomass, and physiological indices were measured. Increased CaCl2 concentration resulted in decreased survival rate, especially at concentrations higher than 10 g/L. Exposure to increasing CaCl2 concentrations resulted in dramatic decreases in growth index, number of leaves, leaf width, and leaf length at concentration higher than 2 g/L. Biomass was also negatively affected by increasing deicer salt stress, with shoot mass being reduced more than root fresh weight. Chlorophyll b content was decreased, while chlorophyll a and proline contents in leaves had a gradual increase when plants were exposed to increasing salt stress. Although a clear roadside negative effect did exist, there was no significant difference between plants under 1 g/L of CaCl2 and control treatment for 5 months. Our results suggest that Aster sphathulifolius planting could be highly beneficial to the roadside or urban areas with mildly salt-affected soils.

MORPHOLOGICAL AND PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSES OF PURPLE CHRYSANTHEMUM (ASTER SPHATHULIFOLIUS) UNDER LONG-TERM STRESS OF CALCIUM CHLORIDE AS DEICING SALT