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Within the plastic deformation while extruding there is the possibility that the outward faults of the semiproduct be driven inside the part. Under extreme conditions the pores may be connected among them, forming inward cracks. The distortion of the material sliding scale depends upon r and α. It may be noticed that the distortion of the scale shall increase in direct ratio with the increase of ∆. Thank to the unsatisfied conditions of extrusion, like the lack of lubricating, extrusion large angle, etc., the materials may show Chevron cracks. 1.Generalities The cold extrusion is the operation dealing with the deformation of the massive semiproducts upon the basis of the plastic flow of the metal by the clearance between punch and working plate. There are 3 extrusion methods: a) The direct method, where the material flow occurs in the direction of the working movement of the punch fig. 1.a; b) The reverse method, where the metal flow occurs in the opposite direction of the working movement of the punch fig. 1.b; c) The compound method, meaning the combination of the first two methods fig. 1.c. Fig.1 Methods of extrusion The main factors making up an influence upon the material flow by the clearance among the working elements of the tool, respectively the quality of the parts to be got depens upon, too, are the following: 1. Extrusion method; 2. Plastic characteristics of the material subdued to deformation; 3. Geomety of working plate and punch; 4. Lubricating; 5. Deformation velocity. ANNALS of the ORADEA UNIVERSITY. Fascicle of Management and Technological Engineering, Volume IX (XIX), 2010, NR2

STUDY ON DEGREE OF DEFORMATION AND FAULTS IN THE COURSE OF DIRECT EXTRUDING TECHNOLOGICAL OPERATION