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Pharmacological and histochemical observations were made on the innervation of the guinea-pig trachea. Field stimulation with A .C.(2 V/cm, 50 Hz) elicited a biphasic response of the tracheal smooth muscle consisted of initial contraction followed by relaxation. This biphasic response was susceptible to the blockade of tetrodotoxin (10-8g/ml), which may imply the involvement of nervous elements in this response. The contractile component of the biphasic response was greatly reduced by atropine (10-7g/ml), and the relaxant component was reduced by bretylium (10-5g/ml). Furthermore, transmural stimulation (1 msec, 1-50 Hz) elicited contraction or relaxation of the trachea. The contraction was easily reversed to relaxation by atropine (10-7g/ml), and the relaxation was entirely abolished by bretylium (10-5g/ml). These results may suggest the presence of excitatory cholinergic and inhibitory adrenergic nerve fibers in this tissue. Histochemical observation, at the same time, revealed the presence of adrenergic and cholinergic nerve fibers within the musculature of the trachea.

INNERVATION OF THE SMOOTH MUSCLE OF THE GUINEA-PIG TRACHEA