Batı Ülkelerinde Din-Devlet İlişkilerindeki Alternatif Modeller ve Türkiye Örneği

Oz: Bati ulkeleri 1980’lerden itibaren dinlerin kamusal taleplerinin arttigi bir surece tanik olmaktadir. Post-sekuler toplum tartismalarinin surdugu bir ortamda, dini talepler karsisinda sessiz kalamayan Bati ulkeleri din-devlet iliskilerini gozden gecirmeye yonelmislerdir. Post-komunist sureci yasayan ulkeler gibi kati bir laikligi benimseyen Fransa da son donemlerde din-devlet iliskilerinde yumusama sayilabilecek adimlar atmistir. Yine din ve devletin kesin bir ayrimina sahip olan ABD’de din-devlet arasindaki ayrim duvariyla ilgili tartismalara yol acan gelismeler gozlenmektedir. Oncelikle Bati ulkelerindeki degisime dikkat ceken makale, din-devlet arasinda kati ayrim gozeten modellerin uyusmaci modele dogru evrildigi gorusunu cesitli orneklerle aciklamaktadir. Makale ayrica Turkiye’nin gecmisten bugune din-devlet iliskilerinde aldigi tutumlari degerlendirirken son donemde devletin dinle daha uyumlu bir iliski bicimi sergiledigini belirtmekte ve bu durumun Bati ulkelerindeki seyirle uyumlu oldugu gorusunu ortaya koymaktadir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Sekulerizm, Laiklik, Turkiye, Post-sekuler toplum, Din-devlet iliskileri. Alternative Models of State-Religion Relations in Western Countries and the Case of Turkey Abstract: Beginning with the 1980s, Western countries have been witnessing a process in which public demands of religions are on the increase. At a time when debates about post-secular society were going on, these countries could not remain indifferent to religious demands and moved to reconsider religion-state relations. Just like the post-communist states, France, which had adopted a rigid version of secularism, also took steps recently that can be interpreted as the relaxation of religion-state relations. Again, we see developments in the U.S., where an absolute separation of church and state exists, that lead to debates on where to draw the line that separates the state and church. Drawing attention principally to the ongoing change in Western countries, the article expounds through various examples of how the models that envisage a rigid separation of religion and state are evolving into the reconciliatory model. While reviewing the attitudes toward religion-state relations in Turkey from past to present, the article also holds that the state has developed a more harmonious relationship with religion lately and that this situation is in tune with the process in Western countries. Keywords: Secularism, Laicite, Turkey, Post-Secular society, Religion-state relations.