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SrFeO 2  adapts the infinite layer structure bearing an unprecedented square-planar coordination around a divalent iron in high-spin state ( S  = 2). In an ambient pressure, this material is a good insulator with an antiferromagentic order at 473 K. We found, however, that pressurization of 34 GPa induces a spin-state transition into an intermediate spin state ( S  = 1). The transition is accompanied by a significant reduction in the electrical resistivity, making it a metal. Furthermore, the antiferromagnetic state changes into a ferromagnetic state keeping its transition temperature well ambient. The pressure-induced state is relatively stable, existing at least 80 GPa.

High-spin to Intermediate-spin Transition, Insulator-metal Transition, and Antiferro- to Ferromagnetic Transition in SrFeO 2 under High Pressure