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The photodynamic impact of water-soluble zwitterionic zinc phthalocyanines (ZnPc1–4) was studied on pathogenic bacterial strains after specific light exposure (LED 665 nm). The structural differences between the studied ZnPc1–4 are in the positions and the numbers of substitution groups as well as in the bridging atoms (sulfur or oxygen) between substituents and macrocycle. The three peripherally substituted compounds (ZnPc1–3) are tetra-2-( N -propanesulfonic acid)oxypyridine (ZnPc1), tetra-2-( N -propanesulfonic acid)mercaptopyridine (ZnPc2), and octa-substituted 2-( N -propanesulfonic acid)mercaptopyridine (ZnPc3). The nonperipherally substituted compound is tetra-2-( N -propanesulfonic acid)mercaptopyridine (ZnPc4). The uptake and localization capability are studied on Gram (+)  Enterococcus faecalis  and Gram (−)  Pseudomonas aeruginosa  as suspensions and as 48 h biofilms. Relatively high accumulations of ZnPc1–4 show bacteria in suspensions with different cell density. The compounds have complete penetration in  E. faecalis  biofilms but with nonhomogenous distribution in  P. aeruginosa  biomass. The cytotoxicity test (Balb/c 3T3 Neutral Red Uptake) with ZnPc1–4 suggests the lack of dark toxicity on normal cells. However, only ZnPc3 has a minimal photocytotoxic effect toward Balb/c 3T3 cells and a comparable high potential in the photoinactivation of pathogenic bacterial species.

Impact of water-soluble zwitterionic Zn(II) phthalocyanines against pathogenic bacteria