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The seeds of  Strophanthus kombé  Oliv. are known to contain high levels of cardioactive compounds. However, the therapeutic use of  Strophanthus  in the treatment of cardiopathy requires more detailed knowledge of the compound profile to profit from the full potential of  Strophanthus  preparations. Therefore, the objective was to characterize the cardenolide profile and lipophilic constituents in  S. kombé  seeds using methods applicable in routine quality control. Freshly prepared  S. kombé  seed extracts were analyzed without previous sample clean-up using a novel HPLC-DAD-MS n  method. In addition, seed oils were analyzed by GC-MS following derivatization of the lipids. More than 20 cardenolides were tentatively assigned in the seed extracts including strophanthidin, strophanthidol, periplogenin and strophanthidinic acid aglycones, carrying various saccharide moieties. The findings revealed the presence of eight novel cardenolides, which have not been described for  S. kombé  so far. The occurrence of strophanthidinic acid derivatives was verified by comparison with synthesized strophanthidinic acid-cymaropyranoside. GC-MS characterization of the oils mainly revealed the presence of fatty acids, especially oleic acid and linoleic acid, as well as phytosterols, the latter representing intermediates of cardenolide biosynthesis. In summary, these findings broaden our knowledge on the secondary metabolism of  Strophanthus .

Characterization of the cardiac glycoside and lipid profiles of Strophanthus kombé Oliv. seeds